The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland synthesizes and secretes adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Measuring ACTH is helpful in the differential diagnosis of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal disorders. In both Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal insufficiency, assessing ACTH is of great clinical significance. By measuring ACTH levels, healthcare professionals can directly assess endocrinal dysfunction, facilitating rapid and effective intervention.